Veritasium released a video recently on a very curious paradox that I found quite unintuitive at first. The paradox relates to the following SAT problem from 1982.

What is the value of living an examined life? Why sit and engage in introspection on a cushion, or take ayahuasca in a south american rainforest?

Many systems can be described in a deterministic fashion. That is to say, given some collection of information about a system, you may reliably and consistently predict some other information about the system.

No, not that posterior, this one: $p(v|u)$. The probability of causes given outcomes. Finding such a probability, or even estimating it, lies at the crux of many learning algorithms. And one approach to finding such a posterior is via the use of generative models.